Laboratório de Tecnologia Educacional BIBLIOTECA DIGITAL               DE CIÊNCIAS

Typical penguin of the region of Magellan, found in the patagonia and terra do fogo. Species: Spheniscus magellanicus. Photo geted in peninsula Valdez - Argentina.

Typical penguin of the region of Magellan, found in the patagonia and terra do fogo. Species: Spheniscus magellanicus. Photo geted in peninsula Valdez - Argentina.

The South American Sea Lion from specie Otaria flavescens.

The Guanaco (Lama guanicoe), pertaining the family of the camels, is the biggest terrestrial mammal of Chile, also inhabiting regions of Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and Argentina. Very common in the region of the patagônia.

Elephant seals of the South hemisphere, Leonine mirounga species. Photo geted in the Peninsula Valdéz - Argentina

Hairy Armadillo from especie Chaetophractus villosus. The hair projects from the scales of the armor and the underside of the body and limbs are covered by whitish or light brown hairs. Found in the center region of Argentina.

Physical appearance: 26 cm. The upper parts are green, somewhat yellow, barred in black. The inferior parts are buffy or white, also barred. The tail and the top of the head are black. The male has a red spot below the eye while in the female this spot is black. Distribution: From Eastern Amazon to Uruguay and Argentina. Habitat: Forest borders, gallery and secondary forests, woods and parks in cities. Diet: Feeds on ants and insect larva, mainly beetles. Also eats fruits. Reproduction: After courtship the couple builds a nest inside an old tree, sometimes palm trees and others. The nest is generally downwards, avoiding the water when it rains. Two to four eggs are laid and the ...

Physical appearance: 35,5 cm. The body is bluish gray, with an iridescent region on the sides of the neck. There is a large white region on the wings. Distribution: From Northeastern Brazil to Argentina. Habitat: Cerrado, caatinga, gallery forests, fields, crops and urban areas. Diet: Feeds on seeds and small fruits. Reproduction: The nest is made of loosely crossed sticks. The white eggs (1 or 2) are incubated by the couple. The hatchlings are fed on “pigeon’s milk”. Natural history: It is one of the largest species of pigeon in Brazil. After breeding it gathers in flocks for migration. It is so common in some places that may turn into a nuisance. Has been successfully conqu...

60cm Identification: there are four mostly white species of egrets in Brazil, the snowy egret can be told apart by its smaller size and also for having the tip of the beak black and for having dark legs with yellow feet. Laypeople usually think this species is a young great egret, however it is technically different enough to be place in another genus. It is bit more demanding than the great egret regarding its habitat necessities, as it does not occur in polluted waters and is more strongly associated to aquatic plants such as the water lily. Its reduced size allows this bird to walk over the aquatic plants without sinking. It feeds mainly on small fishes and tadpoles. The nest is ...

19 cm. The Variegated Flycatcher is one of 3 widespread flycatchers that are streaked below. The Variegated is larger than the Piratic Flycatcher (Legatus leucophaius), has a longer bill, more rufous on the tail and whiter edging to its wing feathers. On the other hand, it is smaller than the Streaked Flycatcher (Myiodynastes maculatus) with darker upperparts and less well defined streaking below. Distribution: Throughout South America, mainly in the south. Habitat: Lives in forest borders and open areas provided there are tall trees in which it can perch. Diet: Flying insects, insects in the foliage and sometimes small fruits. Reproduction: The couple takes care of each other’s...

19 cm. The body is brown, darker in the back and ferruginous in the tail. The ventral part is light brown. Distribution: Northeast, Mideast to South of Brazil, also in Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and Bolivia. Has been spreading its distribution along with deforestation. Habitat: Open landscapes, fields, cerrado, lawns and gardens. Diet: Mainly arthropods, sometimes seeds. Reproduction: The couple builds the nest with mud, manure and straw that they carry with their beaks and model with their feet. The nest is usually built on tall trees. Each year a new nest is built, sometimes over the previous ones (up to 11 nests one above the other). The nest has two divisions and the eggs...

18,5 cm. The upper parts are greenish brown, the throat is white and the belly yellow. The tip of the tail is buffy. Male and female are similar. Distribution: From Venezuela to Argentina. Mideastern Brazil. Migrates seasonaly in southern Brazil. Habitat: Open fields, grasslands, grazing lands and parks in urban areas. Diet: Catches insects on the ground and sometimes in trees. Follows cattle to feed on insects displaced by its movement. Reproduction: Builds a nest made of branches about 4m from the ground. May use nests abandoned by the hornero (Furnarius rufus). The white eggs are incubated by the couple. Natural history: When on the ground runs for some meters then stops t...

10 cm. It is very small, smaller than a sparrow. The feet are relatively big. The back and wings are brown and the ventral part white barred in black. The forehead of the male is red, while the female’s is black with white dots. In the immature the head is all brown. Can be told apart from the White-Barred Piculet ( Picumnus cirratus ) for having an ochraceous region around the neck and for being darker, mainly on the upper parts. Distribution: Southeastern Brazil and spread southwards up to Argentina. Habitat: Forest edges, gallery and secondary forests, woods, parks and gardens in big cities. Diet: Feeds mainly on ants larvae and pupae, but also on other insects. Reproduction: ...

22 cm. The beak is strong and black. The chest and the belly are bright yellow and the back is brown. The throat is white and the head black, with a white band above the eyes. Male and female are similar. Distribution: From Texas (U.S.A) to Patagonia. Habitat: It is one of the most generalist birds. Thrives in environments as different as rocky beaches and semi-arid landscapes. It is very common in cities. Does not penetrate dense vegetation, but may be found in forests near the riverbanks or in the borders. Diet: Also very generalist in the diet, consumes mainly insects, but also fruits, learns to catch small fish and tadpoles (as from the author’s tanks), hunts hatchlings and e...

Nome popular: embirutó.

Árvore até 13m; extremidade dos ramos glabra, amarelo-esverdeada; folha simples, alterna, espiralada, estípula intrapeciolar, reduzida, pecíolo, 7,5 X 0,3cm, glabro, extremidades achatadas, lâmina elíptica a oboval, ápice agudo a arredondado, base atenuada, 15,5-30 X 9,5-14cm, margem inteira, cartácea a subcoriácea, venação camptódroma, amarelo-esverdeada no material seco, 6-8 pares de nervuras secundárias, mais conspícuas na face abaxial, venação terciária paralela, tricomas esparsos na face abaxial, face abaxial amarelo-esverdeada.

Distribuição: Bahia, Goiás, regiões sul e sudeste do Bra...

Nome popular: -.

Árvore até 11m; extremidade dos ramos cilíndrica, glabra; folha simples, alterna, dística, sem estípula, pecíolo canaliculado, 1,5 X 0,3cm, tomentuloso a glabrescente, nigrescente no material seco, lâmina elíptica a oblongo-elíptica, às vezes orbicular, ápice agudo a acuminado, base atenuada, 20,5-25 X 8,5-11cm, margem inteira, ondulada, membranácea a subcartácea, venação camptódroma, 6 pares de nervuras secundárias, conspícuas na face abaxial, venação terciária formando retículo, conspícuo, tricomas esparsos, domácias puntiformes, conspícuas, nas axilas da nervura central com secundárias, visíveis com auxílio de lupa.

Nome popular: boleiro, tapiá.

Árvore até 20m; extremidade dos ramos miudo-estrelada, depois glabrescente; folha simples, alterna, dística, estípula diminuta, pecíolo algo estriado, 14 X 0,3cm, denso estrelado, lâmina orbicular ou amplo-oval, ápice acuminado, base arredondada a truncada, com quatro glândulas conspícuas, 17-20 X 12-14cm, margem glandular-denteada, ciliada, subcartácea, venação actinódroma basal, 5 pares de nervuras secundárias, mais conspícuas na face abaxial, venação terciária e quaternária paralelas, conspícuas na face abaxial, face adaxial esparso-estrelada, abaxial esparso-estrelada, nervuras com tricomas longo-estrelados nas...

Nome popular: tapiá.

Árvore até 14m; extremidade dos ramos estrelado-lanosa, acinzentada; folha simples, alterna, dística, com estípula, pecíolo algo estriado, 14,5 X 0,4cm, denso-estrelado, tricomas longos, cinza-amarelados, lâmina orbicular, ápice obtuso a arredondado, ou truncado, base cordada ou truncada, 15-21 X 17-20cm, margem glandular-denteada, ciliada, cartácea, venação actinódroma basal, 6-7 pares de nervuras secundárias, terciárias e quartenárias paralelas, conspícuas na abaxial, face adaxial glabrescente, abaxial denso-estrelada, nervuras com tricomas adensados nas duas faces, glândulas em número variável entre as nervuras na base d...

Nome popular: figueira-mata-pau.

Árvore até 10m, látex branco; extremidade dos ramos glabra; folha simples, alterna, espiralada, estípula terminal, decídua deixando cicatriz conspícua ao redor do ramo, pecíolo estriado, 5,5 X 0,2cm, glabro, lâmina oval-elíptica, ápice acuminado, base cuneada, 16-22 X 6,5-9cm, margem inteira, cartácea, venação camptódroma, 11-13 pares de nervuras secundárias, espaçadas ca. 1cm, paralelas, conspícuas, amareladas na face abaxial, venação terciária inconspícua, glabra, pontuações esverdeadas, diminutas, dispersas por toda a lâmina, visíveis com auxílio de lupa.

Distribuição: todas as...

Nome popular: figueira.

Árvore até 7m; látex branco, espesso; extremidade dos ramos glabra, estriada, ferrugínea; folha simples, alterna, espiralada, estípula terminal, caduca, deixando cicatriz conspícua ao redor do ramo, pecíolo estriado, 2 X 0,2cm, glabro, ferrugíneo no material seco, lâmina oboval-elíptica, ápice longo-acuminado, base atenuada a obtusa, 15-19 X 4.5-5,5cm, margem inteira, cartácea a subcoriácea, venação camptódroma, ca. 15 pares de nervuras secundárias, conspícuas, paralelas, espaçadas ca. 0,5cm, amarelo-esverdeadas na face abaxial, venação terciária conspícua, glabra, pontuações amareladas, diminutas, numerosas, dispersa po...