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Nome popular: erva-de-limão.

Árvore até 6m; extremidade dos ramos achatada, estriada, nigrescente no material seco, tricomas estrelados, odor de limão; folha simples, oposta, sem estípula, pecíolo estriado, (2,5-)5 X 0,2cm, tricomas estrelados, lâmina oboval-elíptica a oboval, ápice abruptamente agudo, base cuneada a truncada, às vezes levemente cordada, 16-19 X 8-10,5cm, margem denticulada, glandular-ciliada, membranácea a subcartácea, venação camptódroma, 8 pares de nervuras secundárias, venação terciária paralela, conspícuas na face abaxial, tricomas estrelados, esparsos nas duas faces, pontuações amareladas, opacas, diminutas, numerosas, di...

Nome popular -.

Árvore até 11m; extremidade dos ramos aculeada, glabra, estriada, nigrescente no material seco; folha composta, digitada, alterna, espiralada, sem estípula, pecíolo canaliculado, até 18 X 0,2cm, glabro, espessado na base, peciólulo canaliculado, até 1,2 X 0,1cm, glabro, folíolos 3-5 (-11), lâmina elíptico-oblonga, às vezes estreito-elíptica, ápice abrupto-acuminado, base atenuada, às vezes assimétrica, 12 X 4cm, margem inteira, membranácea, venação camptódroma, 7-9 pares de nervuras secundárias, pouco conspícuas, amareladas no material seco, glabra; baga, cilíndrica a ovóide, 7 X 4cm, glabra, madura amarela,...

Nome popular: -.

Árvore até 16m; extremidade dos ramos achatada, sulcada, dourado-tomentulosa a glabrescente; folha simples, oposta, sem estípula, pecíolo canaliculado, 0,6 X 0,2cm, dourado-tomentuloso a glabrescente, lâmina elíptico-oboval a elíptico-oblonga, ápice longo-acuminado, caudado, base cuneada, 13 X 4cm, margem inteira, cartácea a subcoriácea, venação camptódroma, 10-13 pares de nervuras secundárias, opostas a sub-oposta, discolores na face adaxial, paralelas, espaçadas ca. 0,7cm, venação terciária formando retículo, conspícuo, nervura marginal pouco conspícua, 0,1cm da margem, dourado-pubescente a glabrescente, tricomas mais concent...

12,5 cm. The male’s upper parts are dark gray. The face and a ribbon around the neck (the collar) are black. The posterior part of the throat, the belly and a narrow band around the eye are white, sometimes buffy. The color of the beak varies individually. The female and the Young males are brown with the inferior parts lighter. Distribution: From Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul, Uruguay, Argentina to Peru. Habitat: Grasslands, crops. They sleep in tall grass and sugar cane crops were they may bend the stems with their weight. Diet: Feeds on grains. Follows the expansion of seed producing grasses, thus invading new areas as the Distrito Federal. Frequently eats arthropods such as insect...

11 cm. The body of the male is dark gray in the upper parts, with the face and anterior part of the throat black. The posterior part of the throat and the belly are white, as well as the spots on the sides of the head. The female is brown with the belly lighter. It is thinner than the female of the double collar seedeater Sporophila caerulescens, the tail is longer, the beak smaller with the inferior part buffy. The young individuals are also brown. Distribution: From Guianas to Argentina and Paraguay. In Brazil from the north to São Paulo, Mato Grosso and Goiás. Habitat: Grasslands, open fields, crops and secondary forest borders. Diet: Grains. Reproduction: The couple lives is...

Just like other seedeaters, it is practically impossible to tell this species apart from the brownish females, virtually identical to the other seedeaters’ females. Nevertheless the males present the chest and the head in black, the upper parts dark brown and the belly is yellow or beige. Its behavior is very similar to other seedeaters and may form mixed groups with other species when not breeding. It is less urban than the Double-collared and the Lined Seedeaters, being more common in grasslands and grain crops. May be raised as a cage bird. In the breeding season the couples split from the groups. The nest is a low bow made of grasses and the female usually lays 2 or 3 eggs.

Length: 9,5cm Identification: the back is bright green, the tail and part of the wings are dark blue. The throat and the chest is sapphire-blue. The belly is white and there is a white line splitting the chest. The two sexes look alike. It is one of the main pollinators of several plant species, including some introduced ones. It is territorialist and visit the flowering patches at predictable times. It explores even the lowest flowers. This hummingbird usually explores feeders where it fights against the bananaquits ( Coereba flaveola ) and the swallow-tailed hummingbird ( Eupetomena macroura ). The bow-shaped nest usually shelters two eggs.

Physical appearence: 12cm. The upper parts are grayish with black and ferruginous stripes The chest is light brown with spots in the immature. There are yellow ribbons above the eyes and in the wings. The coloration may change when it is dirty due to contact with earth. Distribution: The Grassland Sparrow is found east of the Andes from Colombia to central Argentina but is missing from the Amazon Basin upstream from the Tapajós river. Habitat: Dry fields with grass, cerrado and crops. Diet: Feeds on grains and small insects. Reproduction: During the breeding season they live in pairs in a territory defended by the male. The nest is opened and placed on the ground. The eggs are s...

15 cm. It is a small sparrow with the head striated in black and white. There is a topknot and a rufous collar around the neck that is more evident in the male. The back and the wings are brown. The immature does not have bands in the head. Cinnamon and albine mutations are not uncommon. Distribution: From Mexico to Tierra del Fuego. Absent in dense forests. Habitat: Fields, crops, woods, gardens and parks in cities. Diet: Insects, seeds and occasionally human leftovers. Licks the sweet liquid produced by aphids. Reproduction: The couple establishes a territory that is fiercely protected by the male. The nest is built in short bushes or even on the ground among tall grass. The n...

Spider popularly known as Pope-flies, pertaining to the Salticus sort, with diurne habit.

Podcast discutindo brevemente sobre a variedade de Ball Python conhecida como spider morph

25 cm. The supercilium is white. The plumage usually shows traces of earth. The male is slightly larger than the female and the belly is lighter. Distribution: From Canada to Tierra del Fuego. Habitat: Open fields, grasslands and suburbs, sometimes in soccer fields. Diet: Feeds mainly on beetles, but also other arthropods. Also consumes small vertebrates. Reproduction: The nest is a deep hole in the ground (1,5 to 3m of depth). Although it is able of digging its own hole it generally uses the ones dug by other animals as the armadillos. The couple lines the nest with grass and dry manure. The female lays up to four eggs. The female incubates and the male takes care of the brood. ...

White-spotted Woodpecker 18cm. Identification: it is a small woodpecker with drab colors. The body is brown, heavily spotted and barred in darker shades of brown and with some white spots below. The male has reddish regions in the head. Very little is known about this woodpecker, probably due to its inconspicuous colors and behavior. It lives in areas with plenty of trees as parks, woods and secondary forests. This woodpecker occurs mainly in the medium and higher forest levels, rarely coming to the ground. Like other woodpeckers it feeds on insects it collects from tree trunks and also on berries.